The ε12 Muting / Protect Circuit

Project history

There are many muting delay and DC offset protection circuits published for speaker amplifiers, but I have not found one that is sensitive enough for a headphone amplifier. Also, it would be nice if such a circuit could support a wide range of different amplifier designs, including those with active ground outputs and fully-differential balanced outputs.

Being a member of the
headwize.com and head-fi.org online forums, I often hear people complain about their amplifiers' turn-on "thump" noise. Also, in some instances expensive headphones have been damaged, either by the transient or by excessive DC offset during a circuit malfunction. This calls for a proper muting delay and protection circuit specifically for headphone amplifiers.

In late 2004 I decided to design just such a circuit and to share it with others in the DIY community. One goal I had was to keep the parts count and cost reasonable. After several revisions of the schematic, I built a prototype on breadboard for testing. A few more minor optimizations were then made. I announced the design in early May 2005 on the head-fi.org DIY forum.

Revisions

  • Revision 1.0 - published May 2005
    • Original revision
  • Revision 1.1 - published July 2005
    • For the virtual ground splitter, replaced the BUF634 open loop buffer chip with a OPA551 high current opamp operating as a voltage follower. The OPA551 offers better performance in this application and costs less than the BUF634.
  • Revision 1.2 - published October 2005
    • Adopted parts changes from guzzler: Q5 and Q6 are now combined into a single darlington transistor, changed the relay to a Omron G6A-234P-ST-US-DC12, and increased R11 to 475KΩ.
  • Revision 1.2 addendum - October 2007
    • Changed default relay recommendation to Omron G5V-2-H1-DC12 or G6A-234P-ST15-US-DC12, Fujitsu-Takamisawa RY-12W-K or RA-12W-K for their lower coil current specification. This prevents false triggering and reduces Q1/Q2 power dissipation.


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